Two main processes in the extraction of metals:.(c) The carbon dioxide gas produced is not poisonous and thus can be released directly into the air. (b) Furthermore, carbon is cheap and easily available. Therefore, carbon can easily reduce the oxide of these metals. (a) First of all, carbon is more reactive than zinc, iron, tin and lead. Carbon is widely used in the extraction of zinc, iron, tin and lead for a number of reasons: In extracting metals, carbon in the form of coke is used.Figure summarises the methods of extracting metals from their ores.However, this is usually not done on a large scale as it is expensive. For example, a metal can be extracted from its ore using more reactive metals as the reducing agents. More often than not, the cost is also taken into consideration. The method of reduction depends on the reactivity of the metals.(b) Hence, when it is extracted from its ore, its oxidation number decreases to zero. (a) A metal has a positive oxidation number in its ore. When a metal is extracted from its ore, it involves reduction.Hydrated potassium magnesium chloride, KCl.MgCl 2.6H 2OĬopper(II) carbonate hydroxide, CuCO 3.Cu(OH) 2 The following table shows the main contents of some common ores and the metals extracted from them.The common minerals found in ores are oxides, sulphides and carbonates of metals.
Reactivity series of metals free#
Only a few metals such as platinum, gold and silver are found free in nature.
Application of the reactivity series of metals in the extraction of metalsĪpplication of the reactivity series of metals towards oxygen in the extraction of metals:
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